Europeanization of Energy and Climate Policy

The Europeanization of British Competition Policy

Introduction Competition policy presents an interesting case of Europeanization, given that the two classic channels which promote the convergence of national regulations in the EU (that is, negative, market-related regulatory competition on the one hand, and positive, state-led harmonization on the other) does not apply to this policy domain (van Waarden and Drahos, 2002: 913). In terms of pos...

origins of armenia’s foreign policy and its foreign policy towards iran

foreign policy takes root from complicated matters. however, this issue may be more truth about armenia. although the new government of armenia is less than 20 years, people of this territory are the first ones who officially accepted christianity. in very past times, these people were a part of great emperors like iran, rome, and byzantium.armenia is regarded as a nation with a privileged hist...

the role of russia in transmission of energy from central asia and caucuses to european union

پس ازفروپاشی شوروی،رشد منابع نفت و گاز، آسیای میانه و قفقاز را در یک بازی ژئوپلتیکی انرژی قرار داده است. با در نظر گرفتن این منابع هیدروکربنی، این منطقه به یک میدانجنگ و رقابت تجاری برای بازی های ژئوپلتیکی قدرت های بزرگ جهانی تبدیل شده است. روسیه منطقه را به عنوان حیات خلوت خود تلقی نموده و علاقمند به حفظ حضورش می باشد تا همانند گذشته گاز طبیعی را به وسیله خط لوله مرکزی دریافت و به عنوان یک واس...

Europeanization and the Mechanics of Economic Policy Adjustment

To explain divergence in member-state policy adjustment in response to the economic pressures of globalization and Europeanization (distinguished from European integration as the impact of EU level decisions on national level policies and institutions), this paper identifies five mediating factors: economic vulnerability, political institutional capacity, policy legacies, policy preferences, an...

The Europeanization of British Environmental Policy: from Policy ‘taking’ to Policy ‘shaping’?